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Data Brokers, Legal Platforms, and ICE: Questions on the Canadian Context

By Lisa Levesque

Toronto Metropolitan University

Two prominent legal research platforms have parent companies that sell data to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), a federal agency of the United States government that has committed human rights violations. This article answers questions on…

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Version 1.0 - published on 22 Sep 2026 doi:10.25547/977D-2434 - cite this

Licensed under Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 4.0

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Two prominent legal research platforms have parent companies that sell data to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), a federal agency of the United States government that has committed human rights violations. This article answers questions on the Canadian context of the data brokerage industry for legal information professionals, highlighting privacy risks. It describes implications for professional awareness, advocacy, and collections development, drawing attention to the economic conditions of data surveillance.

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Forthcoming in the Canadian Law Library Review, Vol 51, no. 3

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